PostgreSQL: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 02:41, 30 September 2024

Login to PSQL

export PGPASSWORD='p@55w0rd'

# [email protected]:~ #
psql -U postgres
#psql (10.15 (Ubuntu 10.15-0ubuntu0.18.04.1))
#Type "help" for help.

# [email protected]:~ #
su - postgres
# Last login: Tue Jan 01 12:00:00 MYT 2013 on pts/0
# -bash-4.2$

psql
# psql (9.6.8)
# Type "help" for help.
# 
# postgres=#

Connection String

parameters based psql
psql -U postgres
psql -U academia postgres
psql -U academia -h rds.vpc.chorke.org postgres
psql -U academia -h rds.vpc.chorke.org -p 5432 postgres
PGPASSWORD='sadaqah' psql -U academia -h rds.vpc.chorke.org -p 5432 postgres

connection string based psql:
psql 'postgres://postgres:@:/'
psql 'postgres://academia:@:/postgres'
psql 'postgres://academia:@rds.vpc.chorke.org:/postgres'
psql 'postgres://academia:@rds.vpc.chorke.org:5432/postgres'
psql 'postgres://academia:[email protected]:5432/postgres'

Login Error

# [email protected]:~ #
su - postgres psql
# Last login: Tue Jan 01 12:00:00 MYT 2013 on pts/0
# /bin/createuser: /bin/createuser: cannot execute binary file

# [email protected]:~ #
su postgres
psql -p 5433
# psql (12.9 (Ubuntu 12.9-0ubuntu0.20.04.1))

# [email protected]:~ #
sudo su postgres
psql -p 5433
# psql (12.9 (Ubuntu 12.9-0ubuntu0.20.04.1))

Cluster Login

pg_lsclusters
sudo su - postgres

psql -p 5433
psql -U postgres -p 5433

GRANT ALL ON tmp_coll TO academia;
GRANT ALL ON test_json TO academia;

-- psql -V
SELECT version();

Creating User

# [email protected]:~ #
su - postgres
# Last login: Tue Jan 01 12:00:00 MYT 2013 on pts/0
# -bash-4.2$
createuser root
# createuser: creation of new role failed: ERROR:  role "root" already exists
# ALTER USER root WITH SUPERUSER;

Creating DB

Until creating root database it's always show error could not change directory to "/root": Permission denied. To overcome this error we should need to create a root database. only for avoid error while login using root user.

# [email protected]:~ #
su - postgres
# Last login: Tue Jan 01 12:00:00 MYT 2013 on pts/0
# -bash-4.2$
createdb root

Similarly you can create a database as same as your frequently used OS User. In this case no need password to login. It will authenticated from OS. That's means you can login to your PostgreSQL user using OS Authentication.

Grant Privileges

# postgres=#
grant all privileges on database root to root;
# GRANT

# postgres=#
grant all privileges on database postgres to root;
# GRANT

Extensions

ENABLE_DB_LINK=$(cat <<-DDL
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS dblink;
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS dblink SCHEMA extensions;
SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = 'dblink';
DDL
)
echo "${ENABLE_DB_LINK}" | psql -p 5432 -U ${USER}
echo "${ENABLE_DB_LINK}" | psql -p 5432 -U ${USER} academia_data_staging

ENABLE_PG_CRYPTO=$(cat <<-DDL
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto;
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto SCHEMA extensions;
SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = 'pgcrypto';
DDL
)
echo "${ENABLE_PG_CRYPTO}" | psql -p 5432 -U ${USER}
echo "${ENABLE_PG_CRYPTO}" | psql -p 5432 -U ${USER} academia_data_staging

Logout PSQL

# postgres=#
\q
# -bash-4.2$

Meta Data

-- show databases
SELECT datname FROM pg_database;             -- \l+

-- show sequence
SELECT c.relname FROM pg_class c             -- \ds+
WHERE c.relkind = 'S' ORDER BY c.relname;

-- show tables
SELECT * FROM pg_catalog.pg_tables
WHERE schemaname NOT IN ('pg_catalog','information_schema');

-- describe tables
SELECT table_name, column_name, data_type    -- \d+ my_table
FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = 'my_table';

-- find tables with similar field name
SELECT table_name, column_name, data_type 
FROM information_schema.columns WHERE column_name LIKE '%slug%';

SELECT pg_database_size('my_database');                     -- \l+
SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size('my_database'));     -- \l+


SELECT 
    db.datname AS db_name,
    pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size(db.datname)) AS db_size
FROM pg_database db ORDER BY pg_database_size(db.datname) DESC;



SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size('my_table'));  -- \dt+
SELECT                                                      -- \dt+
    table_schema, table_name,
    pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(quote_ident(table_name))) AS table_size
FROM information_schema.tables
WHERE table_schema = 'public'
ORDER BY 2 ASC;

XML Query

SELECT xml_is_well_formed('<>') AS "<>", -- false xml_is_well_formed('<name >') AS "<name >", -- false xml_is_well_formed('<name />') AS "<name />", -- true xml_is_well_formed('academia') AS "academia", -- true xml_is_well_formed('{academia') AS "{academia", -- true xml_is_well_formed('{academia}') AS "{academia}"; -- true	SELECT xml_is_well_formed_content('<>') AS "<>", -- false xml_is_well_formed_content('<name >') AS "<name >", -- false xml_is_well_formed_content('<name />') AS "<name />", -- true xml_is_well_formed_content('academia') AS "academia", -- true xml_is_well_formed_content('{academia') AS "{academia", -- true xml_is_well_formed_content('{academia}') AS "{academia}"; -- true

SELECT xml_is_well_formed_document('<>') AS "<>", -- false xml_is_well_formed_document('<name >') AS "<name >", -- false xml_is_well_formed_document('<name />') AS "<name />", -- true xml_is_well_formed_document('academia') AS "academia", -- false xml_is_well_formed_document('{academia') AS "{academia", -- false xml_is_well_formed_document('{academia}') AS "{academia}"; -- false

WITH xpath_node AS ( SELECT cast(raw_xpath_node->>0 AS integer) "sn", cast(raw_xpath_node->>1 AS varchar) "node" FROM jsonb_array_elements('[ [0, ""], [1, "bpmn:definitions"], [2, "bpmn:process"], [3, "bpmn:serviceTask"], [4, "bpmn:extensionElements"], [5, "camunda:connector"], [6, "camunda:inputOutput"], [7, "camunda:inputParameter"] ]'::jsonb) AS raw_xpath_node ) SELECT string_agg(node, '/') AS "path" FROM xpath_node;	WITH workflow_namespace AS ( SELECT cast(raw_workflow_namespace->>0 AS varchar) "prefix", cast(raw_workflow_namespace->>1 AS varchar) "namespace" FROM jsonb_array_elements('[ ["bpmn", "http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL"], ["bpmndi", "http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI"], ["dc", "http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC"], ["di", "http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI"], ["modeler", "http://camunda.org/schema/modeler/1.0"], ["camunda", "http://camunda.org/schema/1.0/bpmn"] ]'::jsonb) AS raw_workflow_namespace ) -- SELECT * FROM workflow_namespace; -- SELECT array[prefix, namespace] FROM workflow_namespace; SELECT array_agg(array[prefix, namespace]) FROM workflow_namespace;

WITH xpath_ns AS ( SELECT cast(raw_xpath_ns->>0 AS varchar) "alias", cast(raw_xpath_ns->>1 AS varchar) "namespace" FROM jsonb_array_elements('[ ["bpmn", "http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL"], ["bpmndi", "http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI"], ["dc", "http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC"], ["di", "http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI"], ["modeler", "http://camunda.org/schema/modeler/1.0"], ["camunda", "http://camunda.org/schema/1.0/bpmn"] ]'::jsonb) AS raw_xpath_ns ), xpath_nss AS ( SELECT array_agg(array[ns.alias, ns.namespace]) FROM xpath_ns ns ), stored_dataflow AS ( SELECT id_ AS "id", rev_ AS "revision", generated_ AS "is_generated", tenant_id_ AS "tenant_id", type_ AS "type", create_time_ AS "created_on", root_proc_inst_id_ AS "root_proc_inst_id", removal_time_ AS "deleted_on", name_ AS "name", convert_from(bytes_, 'UTF8') AS "dataflow" FROM act_ge_bytearray ), stored_workflow AS ( SELECT sd.id, sd.name, sd.type, sd.revision, sd.is_generated, sd.created_on, sd.deleted_on, sd.root_proc_inst_id, CAST(sd.dataflow AS xml) AS "workflow", sd.dataflow, (SELECT * FROM xpath_nss) AS "ns" FROM stored_dataflow sd WHERE xml_is_well_formed_document(sd.dataflow) ORDER BY sd.name ASC, sd.created_on DESC ) SELECT sw.name, (xpath('count(/bpmn:definitions/bpmn:process)', sw.workflow, sw.ns))[1]::text::int, (xpath('/bpmn:definitions/bpmn:process', sw.workflow, sw.ns))[1], dataflow FROM stored_workflow sw;

Array Query

SELECT dependencies||'"Running Fiscal Year"'
FROM scope WHERE name = 'Fiscal Year Config';

SELECT * FROM user
WHERE owner_ref LIKE ANY (ARRAY[
   ',academia,chorke.org,shahed.biz,'
]) ORDER BY id ASC;

SELECT * FROM user
WHERE owner_ref LIKE ALL (ARRAY[
   ',academia,chorke.org,shahed.biz,'
]) ORDER BY id ASC;

JSON Query

{
    "type": "Reseller",
    "commission": {
        "type": "Percentage",
        "value": "25"
    }
}

SELECT extended_properties ->'commission'->'value'
FROM seller WHERE extended_properties ->>'type' = 'Reseller';
--
UPDATE seller
SET extended_properties = jsonb_set(extended_properties, '{type}', '"Retailer"')
WHERE id = 1000;
--
UPDATE seller
SET extended_properties = extended_properties || jsonb_build_object('code', code)
WHERE id = 1000;
--
UPDATE seller
SET extended_properties = jsonb_set(extended_properties, '{commission, type}', '"Bonus"')
WHERE id = 1000 AND extended_properties ->> 'type' = 'Reseller';

JSON

SELECT id, name FROM json_to_record (
    '{"id":1,"name":"Academia"}'::json
) AS concern(id int, name text);

SELECT * FROM json_array_elements_text('[
    {"id":1,"name":"Academia"},
    {"id":2,"name":"Agronomy"},
    {"id":3,"name":"Software"}
]'::json);

SELECT id, name FROM json_array_elements_text('[
    {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"},
    {"id": 2, "name": "Agronomy"},
    {"id": 3, "name": "Software"}
]'::json) AS concerns_text,
json_to_record(concerns_text::json)
AS concerns_json(id int, name text);

SELECT id, name FROM json_array_elements('[
    {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"},
    {"id": 2, "name": "Agronomy"},
    {"id": 3, "name": "Software"}
]'::json) AS concerns_array,
json_to_record(concerns_array)
AS concerns_rows(id int, name text);

SELECT id, name FROM json_to_recordset('{"data": [
    {"concerns": {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"}},
    {"concerns": {"id": 2, "name": "Agronomy"}},
    {"concerns": {"id": 3, "name": "Software"}}
]}'::json -> 'data') as r(concerns json),
json_to_record(concerns) AS concern(id int, name text);

JSONB

SELECT id, name FROM jsonb_to_record (
    '{"id":1,"name":"Academia"}'::jsonb
) AS concern(id int, name text);

SELECT * FROM jsonb_array_elements_text('[
    {"id":1,"name":"Academia"},
    {"id":2,"name":"Agronomy"},
    {"id":3,"name":"Software"}
]'::jsonb);

SELECT id, name FROM jsonb_array_elements_text('[
    {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"},
    {"id": 2, "name": "Agronomy"},
    {"id": 3, "name": "Software"}
]'::jsonb) AS concerns_text,
jsonb_to_record(concerns_text::jsonb)
AS concerns_json(id int, name text);

SELECT id, name FROM jsonb_array_elements('[
    {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"},
    {"id": 2, "name": "Agronomy"},
    {"id": 3, "name": "Software"}
]'::jsonb) AS concerns_array,
jsonb_to_record(concerns_array)
AS concerns_rows(id int, name text);

SELECT id, name FROM jsonb_to_recordset('{"data": [
    {"concerns": {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"}},
    {"concerns": {"id": 2, "name": "Agronomy"}},
    {"concerns": {"id": 3, "name": "Software"}}
]}'::jsonb -> 'data') as r(concerns jsonb),
jsonb_to_record(concerns) AS concern(id int, name text);

Result

 id |   name   
----+----------
  1 | Academia

             value             
-------------------------------
 {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"}
 {"id": 2, "name": "Agronomy"}
 {"id": 3, "name": "Software"}

 id |   name   
----+----------
  1 | Academia
  2 | Agronomy
  3 | Software
(3 rows)

 id |   name   
----+----------
  1 | Academia
  2 | Agronomy
  3 | Software
(3 rows)

 id |   name   
----+----------
  1 | Academia
  2 | Agronomy
  3 | Software
(3 rows)

Insert

-- query » group : religion
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- SELECT MAX(id) FROM grouped_collection;
-- SELECT *       FROM grouped_collection WHERE group_name = 'religion';
-- DELETE         FROM grouped_collection WHERE group_name = 'religion';
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
WITH mixed_grouped_collection AS (
    SELECT
        cast('chorke.org' AS varchar) "domain",
        cast('religion'   AS varchar) "group_name",
        cast(raw_grouped_collection->>0 AS varchar) "code",
        cast(raw_grouped_collection->>1 AS varchar) "name",
        cast(raw_grouped_collection->>2 AS jsonb  ) "extended_properties",
        cast(raw_grouped_collection->>3 AS numeric) "order_coll"
    FROM jsonb_array_elements('[
        ["I", "Islam",     {}, 1],
        ["B", "Buddhist",  {}, 2],
        ["H", "Hindu",     {}, 3],
        ["C", "Christian", {}, 4],
        ["O", "Others",    {}, 5]
    ]'::jsonb) AS raw_grouped_collection
)
, new_grouped_collection AS (
    SELECT
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER() "id", LOCALTIMESTAMP "created_on",
        mgc.domain,  mgc.code, mgc.name, mgc.group_name,
        mgc.extended_properties, mgc.order_coll
    FROM mixed_grouped_collection mgc
    --  prevent old duplicate
    WHERE NOT EXISTS (
        SELECT id FROM grouped_collection
        WHERE (code, group_name, domain) = (mgc.code, mgc.group_name, mgc.domain)
    )
)
SELECT ngc.* FROM new_grouped_collection ngc;
-- INSERT INTO grouped_collection (id, created_on, domain, code, name, group_name, extended_properties, order_coll)
-- SELECT (SELECT (COALESCE(MAX(id), 0) + ngc.id) FROM grouped_collection),
--     ngc.created_on, ngc.domain, ngc.code, ngc.name, ngc.group_name,
--     ngc.extended_properties, ngc.order_coll
-- FROM new_grouped_collection ngc
-- --  prevent new duplicate
-- WHERE NOT EXISTS (
--     SELECT id FROM grouped_collection
--     WHERE (code, group_name, domain) = (ngc.code, ngc.group_name, ngc.domain)
-- )
-- ORDER BY (ngc.order_coll, ngc.id) ASC;

Delete Join

-- USING is not an ANSI standard not supported by others RDMBS
-- it's better to use sub query rather than USING for join
DELETE FROM product p USING category c
WHERE p.category_id = c.id AND
c.name = 'Grocery';

Sequence

CREATE SEQUENCE IF NOT EXISTS public.policy_1000
    INCREMENT 1
    START     46656   -- 1,000
    MINVALUE  46656   -- 1,000
    MAXVALUE  1679615 -- Z,ZZZ
    CACHE     10;

ALTER SEQUENCE public.policy_1000 OWNER TO chorke_init_pro;
COMMENT ON SEQUENCE public.policy_1000 IS 'Academia Policy Sequence';

SELECT CURRVAL('policy_1000');
SELECT SETVAL('policy_1000', 0);
ALTER  SEQUENCE IF EXISTS policy_1000 RESTART 1;
SELECT NEXTVAL('policy_1000')::int AS policy_id;

GRANT USAGE, SELECT ON ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA public TO chorke_init_pro;
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA public GRANT USAGE, SELECT ON SEQUENCES TO chorke_init_pro;

Echo/Print

DO $BODY$
DECLARE
    p_jsonb jsonb;
BEGIN
--  SELECT INTO p_jsonb '["", "template","{templateType}","{productSlug}"]'::jsonb || '["{filePath}"]'::jsonb;
    p_jsonb := '["", "template","{templateType}","{productSlug}"]'::jsonb || '["{filePath}"]'::jsonb;
    RAISE NOTICE '%', p_jsonb;
END;
$BODY$;

Execute DDL

Insert Using Loop

DO $BODY$
DECLARE
    p_id         integer;
    p_domain     varchar:= 'chorke.org';
    p_group_name varchar:= 'occupation_class';
BEGIN
  SELECT INTO p_id (COALESCE(MAX(id), 0)) FROM grouped_collection;
    FOR p_code IN 1..5 LOOP
        INSERT INTO grouped_collection (id, created_on, domain, code, name, group_name, extended_properties)
        VALUES ((p_id + p_code), LOCALTIMESTAMP, p_domain, p_code, p_code, p_group_name, '{}');
    END LOOP;
END;
$BODY$;

Anonymous Blocks

DO
$BODY$
DECLARE
    fiscal_year_ukc character varying;
    fiscal_drop_ukc character varying := 'ALTER TABLE fiscal_year';
BEGIN
    SELECT
        INTO fiscal_year_ukc con.conname 
    FROM  pg_catalog.pg_constraint     con
    INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class     rel ON rel.oid = con.conrelid
    INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace nsp ON nsp.oid = connamespace
    WHERE
        nsp.nspname = 'public'      AND
        rel.relname = 'fiscal_year' AND
        con.conname LIKE 'uk_%';
 
  IF fiscal_year_ukc IS NOT NULL THEN
    fiscal_drop_ukc := fiscal_drop_ukc || ' '
    'DROP CONSTRAINT ' || fiscal_year_ukc;
    
      EXECUTE fiscal_drop_ukc;
  END IF;
END
$BODY$;

Create Sequence

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_get_policy_no(IN agent_no character varying)
    RETURNS  integer
    LANGUAGE 'plpgsql'
AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
    policy_no       integer;
    sequence_name   character varying := 'policy_' || agent_no;
    create_sequence character varying := 'CREATE SEQUENCE IF NOT EXISTS ' || sequence_name;
BEGIN
    create_sequence := create_sequence || ' '
    'INCREMENT 1       '
    'START     46656   ' -- 1,000
    'MINVALUE  46656   ' -- 1,000
    'MAXVALUE  1679615 ' -- Z,ZZZ
    'CACHE     10      ';
    
    EXECUTE create_sequence;
    SELECT INTO policy_no NEXTVAL(sequence_name)::int;
    RETURN policy_no;
END
$BODY$;

SELECT fn_get_policy_no('0001');

Create Sequence with Comment

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_get_policy_no(IN agent_no character varying, IN agent_desc character varying)
    RETURNS  integer
    LANGUAGE 'plpgsql'
AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
    policy_no        integer;
    sequence_name    character varying := 'policy_' || agent_no;
    create_sequence  character varying := 'CREATE SEQUENCE IF NOT EXISTS ' || sequence_name;
    comment_sequence character varying := 'COMMENT ON SEQUENCE ' || sequence_name ||' IS ''' || agent_desc || '''';
BEGIN
    create_sequence := create_sequence || ' '
    'INCREMENT 1       '
    'START     46656   ' -- 1,000
    'MINVALUE  46656   ' -- 1,000
    'MAXVALUE  1679615 ' -- Z,ZZZ
    'CACHE     10      ';
    
    EXECUTE create_sequence;
  EXECUTE comment_sequence;
    SELECT INTO policy_no NEXTVAL(sequence_name)::int;
    RETURN policy_no;
END
$BODY$;

SELECT fn_get_policy_no('0001', 'Fareast Islami Life Insurance');
-- @Query(value="SELECT fn_get_policy_no(:agent_no, :agent_desc)", nativeQuery = true)
-- Integer getPolicyNo(@Param("agent_no") String agentNo, @Param("agent_desc") String agentDesc);

Create From Table Exclude Column

DO
$BODY$
DECLARE
    create_table character varying;
BEGIN
    SELECT INTO create_table 'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS invoice__temp AS SELECT ' || STRING_AGG(isc.column_name, ', ') || ' FROM invoice'
    FROM (SELECT * FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = 'invoice' AND
    column_name NOT IN ('id', 'created_on') ORDER BY ordinal_position ASC) isc;
    EXECUTE create_table;
END
$BODY$;

Date & Time

SELECT * FROM policy 
WHERE DATE_TRUNC('day', created_on) = TO_DATE('2021-12-31', 'yyyy-mm-dd');

UPDATE policy SET deleted_on = LOCALTIMESTAMP
WHERE DATE_TRUNC('day', created_on) = TO_DATE('2021-12-31', 'yyyy-mm-dd');

SELECT EXTRACT(CENTURY FROM TIMESTAMP '2013-10-10 10:10:10');
SELECT DATE_TRUNC('year', TIMESTAMP '2013-10-10 10:10:10');
SELECT DATE_TRUNC('hour', TIMESTAMP '2013-10-10 10:10:10');
SELECT AGE(TIMESTAMP '2023-10-10', TIMESTAMP '1983-10-10');
SELECT EXTRACT(DAY FROM TIMESTAMP '2013-10-10 10:10:10');
SELECT DATE_PART('day', TIMESTAMP '2013-10-10 10:10:10');
SELECT DATE_PART('hour', INTERVAL '4 hours 3 minutes');

SELECT JUSTIFY_INTERVAL(INTERVAL '1 mon -1 hour');
SELECT JUSTIFY_HOURS(INTERVAL '27 hours');
SELECT JUSTIFY_DAYS(INTERVAL '35 days');
SELECT AGE(TIMESTAMP '1983-10-10');

SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(2)
SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
SELECT LOCALTIMESTAMP;
SELECT CURRENT_TIME;
SELECT CURRENT_DATE;

String Format

SELECT STRING_TO_ARRAY('/my/request/path', '/') "string_array";
SELECT ARRAY_TO_JSON(STRING_TO_ARRAY('/my/request/path', '/')) "json_array";

Number Format

SELECT NULLIF(regexp_replace('CKI00109'     , '\D','','g'), '')::numeric;
SELECT NULLIF(regexp_replace('CKI0010#9####', '\D','','g'), '')::numeric;
SELECT NULLIF(regexp_replace('CKI2203000075', '\D','','g'), '')::numeric;

Restoring the Dump

export dumps
pg_dump academia > academia_20200210_1020.sql
pg_dump academia| gzip > academia_2020021.sql.gz

SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pid)
FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE datname IN
(
    'academia'
);
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS academia;
CREATE DATABASE academia;

restore dumps
psql academia < academia_20200210_1020.sql
gunzip -c academia_20200210_1020.sql.gz | psql academia

export table as csv

psql -U postgres
\c my_database_staging
\COPY my_table_name TO '/home/academia/Downloads/my_table_name.csv' DELIMITER ',' CSV HEADER;

OS User Auth

CREATE DATABASE academia;
CREATE USER academia WITH LOGIN;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE academia TO academia;
-- CREATE USER academia WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'sadaqah!';

echo "os-map          academia                academia" >> $PG_DATA/pg_ident.conf
echo "host    all     all     127.0.0.1/32    ident map=os-map" >> $PG_DATA/pg_hba.conf
pg_ctl --pgdata="$PG_DATA" reload;

DBLink POC

CREATE EXTENSION dblink;
CREATE EXTENSION dblink SCHEMA extensions;

SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions;
SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = 'dblink';

-- using pgsql block
DO
$BODY$
DECLARE
    p_db_host        varchar:= host(inet_server_addr());
    p_db_port        varchar:= inet_server_port();
    p_db_user        varchar:= CURRENT_USER;
    p_db_pass        varchar:= 'p@$$w0rd';
    p_db_name        varchar:= 'postgres';

    p_db_extn_name   varchar;
    p_db_exec_query  varchar;
    p_db_conn_format varchar:= 'hostaddr=%s port=%s dbname=%s user=%s password=%s';
    p_db_conn_string varchar:= format(p_db_conn_format, p_db_host, p_db_port, p_db_name, p_db_user, p_db_pass);
BEGIN
    p_db_exec_query  := 'SELECT name FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = ''dblink''';
    SELECT INTO p_db_extn_name name FROM dblink(p_db_conn_string, p_db_exec_query) AS extensions(name varchar);
    RAISE NOTICE 'Extension Name: %', p_db_extn_name;
END
$BODY$;

-- using pgsql query
WITH user_info AS (
    SELECT
        'hostaddr=%s port=%s dbname=%s user=%s password=%s' "db_conn_format",
        host(inet_server_addr()) "db_host",
        inet_server_port()       "db_port",
        CURRENT_USER             "db_user",
        'p@$$w0rd'               "db_pass",
        'postgres'               "db_name"
)
, conn_info AS (
    SELECT
        db_conn_format,
        format(db_conn_format, db_host, db_port, db_name, db_user, db_pass) "db_conn_string",
        'SELECT name FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = ''dblink'''  "db_exec_query"
    FROM user_info
)
SELECT * FROM dblink(
    (SELECT db_conn_string FROM conn_info),
    (SELECT db_exec_query  FROM conn_info)
) AS extensions(name varchar)

DBLink Exec

DO
$BODY$
DECLARE
    p_connstr text := 'hostaddr=127.0.0.1 port=5432 dbname=academia';
BEGIN
    PERFORM dblink_exec(p_connstr, format('UPDATE commission SET type = ''%s'' WHERE type = ''%s''', 'new_type', 'old_type'));
END
$BODY$;

DO
$BODY$
DECLARE
    p_schema varchar := 'academia';
    p_passwd varchar := 'p@$$w0rd';
    p_dbname varchar := 'academia_audit_staging';
    p_dblink varchar := 'hostaddr=127.0.0.1 port=5432 dbname=postgres';
BEGIN
    SELECT INTO p_dblink
        'hostaddr='|| host(inet_server_addr()) ||
        ' port='   || inet_server_port()       || ' dbname=' || current_database();
    
    RAISE NOTICE '%', p_dblink;
    IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT FROM pg_catalog.pg_database WHERE datname = p_dbname) THEN
    --  PERFORM dblink_exec(p_dblink, format('CREATE DATABASE %s', p_dbname));
        RAISE NOTICE 'CREATE DATABASE %', p_dbname;
    END IF;

    IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT FROM pg_catalog.pg_user WHERE usename = p_schema) THEN
    --  PERFORM format('CREATE USER %s WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD ''%s''', p_schema, p_passwd);
        RAISE NOTICE 'CREATE USER % WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD ''%''', p_schema, p_passwd;
    END IF;

--  PERFORM format('GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE %s TO %s', p_dbname, p_schema);
    RAISE NOTICE 'GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE % TO %', p_dbname, p_schema;
END
$BODY$;

Recursive Query

WITH RECURSIVE hierarchy AS (
    SELECT
        o.id,
        o.code,   o.name,
        o.parent "parent_code",
        p.name   "parent_name"
    FROM       org_unit  o
    LEFT  JOIN org_unit  p ON p.code        = o.parent
    WHERE o.code = LOWER(REPLACE('Chorke Agency', ' ', '-'))
    UNION
    SELECT
        o.id,
        o.code,   o.name,
        o.parent "parent_code",
        p.name   "parent_name"
    FROM       org_unit  o 
    LEFT  JOIN org_unit  p ON p.code        = o.parent
    INNER JOIN hierarchy h ON h.parent_code = o.code
)
SELECT * FROM hierarchy;

Encode/Decode

SELECT decode('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'escape');            -- text to binary
SELECT encode('Chorke Academia, Inc.'::bytea, 'escape');     -- binary to text

SELECT convert_to('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'UTF8');          -- text to binary
SELECT convert_from('Chorke Academia, Inc.'::bytea, 'UTF8'); -- binary to text

SELECT encode('Chorke Academia, Inc.'::bytea, 'base64');                       -- text to base64
SELECT convert_from(decode('Q2hvcmtlIEFjYWRlbWlhLCBJbmMu', 'base64'), 'UTF8'); -- base64 to text

Base36 Encode

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_base36_encode(IN base10 bigint)
    RETURNS  varchar
    LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE
AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
    base36 varchar := '';
    intval bigint  := abs(base10);
    char0z char[]  := regexp_split_to_array('0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', '');
BEGIN
    WHILE intval != 0 LOOP
        base36 := char0z[(intval % 36)+1] || base36;
        intval := intval / 36;
    END LOOP;

    IF base10 = 0 THEN base36 := '0'; END IF;
    RETURN base36;
END
$BODY$;

Base36 Decode

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_base36_decode(IN base36 varchar)
    RETURNS  bigint
    LANGUAGE plpgsql
AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
    rindex int;
    intval int;
    carray char[];
    base10 bigint  := 0;
    char0z varchar := '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
BEGIN
    FOR rindex IN REVERSE char_length(base36)..1 LOOP
        carray := carray || substring(upper(base36) FROM rindex FOR 1)::char;
    END LOOP;

    rindex := 0;
    WHILE rindex < (array_length(carray,1)) LOOP      
        intval := position(carray[rindex+1] IN char0z)-1;
        base10 := base10 + (intval * (36 ^ rindex));
        rindex := rindex + 1;
    END LOOP;

    RETURN base10;
END
$BODY$;

Large Object

\dfS lo_*

-- lo_open(lobjId oid, mode integer) returns integer
-- The mode parameter to lo_open uses two constants:
--   INV_READ       = 0x20000
--   INV_WRITE      = 0x40000
--   INV_READ_WRITE = 0x60000

SELECT  x'20000'::int;          -- SELECT cast(x'20000' AS integer);          -- 131072
SELECT  x'40000'::int;          -- SELECT cast(x'40000' AS integer);          -- 262144
SELECT  x'60000'::int;          -- SELECT cast(x'60000' AS integer);          -- 393216
SELECT (x'20000'|x'40000')::int -- SELECT cast(x'20000'|x'40000' AS integer); -- 393216

-- example: a
SELECT lo_get(photo::oid), lo_get(resume::oid) FROM employee;                        -- select large object as binary data
SELECT lo_from_bytea(0, 'Chorke Academia, Inc.'::bytea) FROM employee;               -- create large object from ascii text
SELECT lo_from_bytea(0, convert_to('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'UTF8')) FROM employee;  -- create large object from utf-8 text

-- example: b
SELECT resume FROM profile;                                   -- oid
SELECT lo_get(resume::oid) FROM profile;                      -- binary
SELECT encode(lo_get(resume::oid), 'escape') FROM profile;    -- binary to text
SELECT encode(lo_get(resume::oid), 'base64') FROM profile;    -- binary to base64

-- example: c
SELECT convert_from(lo_get(resume::oid), 'UTF8') FROM profile;
SELECT convert_from(loread(lo_open(resume::oid, x'40000'::int), x'40000'::int), 'UTF8') FROM profile;

SELECT lowrite(lo_open(lo_creat(-1), x'60000'::int), convert_to('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'UTF8')) FROM profile; -- create large object
SELECT lowrite(lo_open(resume::oid,  x'60000'::int), convert_to('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'UTF8')) FROM profile; -- update large object

Insert

-- right way to insert in insert
INSERT INTO employee(id, resume, name) VALUES(
    (SELECT COALESCE(max(id), 0) + 1 FROM employee),
    lo_from_bytea(0, convert_to('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'UTF8')),
    'Chorke Academia, Inc.'
);

Select

-- right way to select in select
SELECT
    id,
    name,
    resume AS resume_oid,
    lo_get(resume::oid) AS resume_binary,
    convert_from(lo_get(resume::oid), 'UTF8') AS resume_text
FROM employee;

Update

-- right way to create in update
-- wrong way to update in update
-- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
UPDATE employee SET
    resume = lo_from_bytea(0, convert_to('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'UTF8'))
WHERE id = 1;

-- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
-- we should've to have 1 oid for a sigle record where it will
-- be created N+1 oid for N times of update. after N times of
-- update we need to delete N oid's from database else it will
-- be wastage of huge disk space if those object not deleted!
-- we need to delete manually and which one might be disaster
-- SELECT lo_unlink(orphan_lo::oid);

-- right way to update in update
-- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
DO
$BODY$
DECLARE
    p_id     integer:= 1;
    p_oid    integer:= 0;
    p_resume varchar:= 'Chorke Academia, Inc.';
BEGIN
    SELECT INTO p_oid COALESCE(m.oid, 0) FROM employee e
    LEFT JOIN pg_largeobject_metadata m ON e.resume::oid = m.oid WHERE e.id = p_id;

    IF p_oid > 0 THEN
        PERFORM lowrite(lo_open(p_oid::oid, x'60000'::int), convert_to(p_resume, 'UTF8'));
    ELSE
        UPDATE employee SET
            resume = lo_from_bytea(0, convert_to(p_resume, 'UTF8'))
        WHERE id = p_id;
    END IF;
END
$BODY$;

-- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
-- SELECT * FROM employee

Delete

-- wrong way to unlink in delete
-- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
DELETE FROM employee WHERE id = 1;

-- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
-- we should've to unlink respective oid's for those deleted
-- records. Either it will be root causes of wasting of huge
-- disk space if those object not deleted! we need to delete
-- manually and which one might be disaster
-- SELECT lo_unlink(orphan_lo::oid);

-- right way to unlink in delete
-- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
DO
$BODY$
DECLARE
    p_id     integer:= 1;
    p_oid    integer:= 0;
    p_resume varchar:= 'Chorke Academia, Inc.';
BEGIN
    SELECT INTO p_oid COALESCE(m.oid, 0) FROM employee e
    LEFT JOIN pg_largeobject_metadata m ON e.resume::oid = m.oid WHERE e.id = p_id;
    DELETE FROM employee WHERE id = p_id;

    IF p_oid > 0 THEN
        PERFORM lo_unlink(p_oid::oid);
    END IF;
END
$BODY$;

-- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
-- SELECT * FROM employee;

Alter

ALTER TABLE employee
--  ALTER COLUMN photo TYPE bytea USING lo_get(photo::oid);
    ALTER COLUMN photo TYPE text  USING encode(lo_get(photo::oid), 'base64');

Bastion Dump

BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_FRMT=$(cat <<'EOF'
# suppress stdout
echo '/* $STDOUT$'
echo "${HOSTNAME}${HOME}"

ssh -qt gtw.vpc.chorke.org <<'EOF_00'
echo "${HOSTNAME}${HOME}"
ssh -qt app.vpc.chorke.org <<'EOF_01'
echo "${HOSTNAME}${HOME}"
echo '$STDOUT$ */'

pg_dump postgres://academia:%[email protected]:5432/%s
# suppress stdout
echo '/* $STDOUT$'
EOF_01
EOF_00
echo '$STDOUT$ */'
EOF
)

BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_PASS='sadaqah!'
BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_PGDB='academia_keycloak_staging'
printf -v  BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_EXEC          "${BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_FRMT}" "${BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_PASS}" "${BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_PGDB}"
printf -v  BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP '%s.sql' "${BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_PGDB}"
bash -c "${BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_EXEC}" >       ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}

sed '/^\/\* \$STDOUT\$$/,/^\$STDOUT\$ \*\/$/{/^\/\* \$STDOUT\$$/!{/^\$STDOUT\$ \*\/$/!d}}' -i ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}
sed -z 's|\n/\* $STDOUT$\n$STDOUT$ \*/||g' -i ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}
sed -z 's|/\* $STDOUT$\n$STDOUT$ \*/\n||g' -i ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}
gzip ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}

Export CSV

psql -U academia academia_audit_staging
\COPY (SELECT * FROM audit_log WHERE action_type = 'Sync Collection' AND DATE_TRUNC('day', logged_on) = '20241010')\
 To '~/.config/audit_log_20241010_1010_MYT.csv' With CSV DELIMITER ',' HEADER;

Knowledge

wsl (windows subsystem for linux)
sudo service redis-server restart
sudo service postgresql restart
sudo service apache2 restart

comment and uncomment sql
sed -i -e 's|^|-- |g' src/main/resources/db/migration/*.sql
sed -i -e 's|^-- ||g' src/main/resources/db/migration/*.sql

-- psql
CREATE DATABASE chorke_init_pro;
CREATE USER chorke_init_pro WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'pa55w0rd';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE chorke_init_pro TO chorke_init_pro;
-- \q

-- revoke public connect from specific database after creation
REVOKE CONNECT ON DATABASE academia_ebis_dev FROM PUBLIC;
-- revoke public connect for all future databases
REVOKE CONNECT ON DATABASE template1 FROM PUBLIC;

SELECT
    con.conname,
    nsp.nspname,
    rel.relname
FROM pg_catalog.pg_constraint con
    INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class rel     ON rel.oid = con.conrelid
    INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace nsp ON nsp.oid = connamespace
WHERE
    nsp.nspname = 'public'      AND
    rel.relname = 'fiscal_year' AND
    con.conname LIKE 'uk_%';

SELECT
    n.nspname AS "schema",
    c.relname AS "name",
    CASE c.relkind
        WHEN 'v' THEN 'view'
        WHEN 'i' THEN 'index'
        WHEN 'r' THEN 'table'
        WHEN 's' THEN 'special'
        WHEN 'S' THEN 'sequence'
        WHEN 'f' THEN 'foreign table'
        WHEN 'p' THEN 'partitioned table'
        WHEN 'I' THEN 'partitioned index'
        WHEN 'm' THEN 'materialized view'
    END AS "type",
    pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(c.relowner) AS "owner"
FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
    LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
WHERE c.relkind IN ('S','')
    AND n.nspname !~ '^pg_toast'
    AND n.nspname <> 'pg_catalog'
    AND n.nspname <> 'information_schema'
    AND pg_catalog.pg_table_is_visible(c.oid)
ORDER BY 1,2;

SELECT d.datname                                       AS "db_name",
    pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(d.datdba)               AS "db_owner",
    pg_catalog.pg_encoding_to_char(d.encoding)         AS "db_encoding",
    d.datcollate                                       AS "db_collation",
    d.datctype                                         AS "db_collation_type",
    pg_catalog.array_to_string(d.datacl, e'\n')        AS "db_access_privileges",
    CASE
        WHEN pg_catalog.has_database_privilege(d.datname, 'CONNECT') THEN
            pg_catalog.pg_size_pretty(pg_catalog.pg_database_size(d.datname))
        ELSE 'No Access'
    END                                                AS "db_size",
    t.spcname                                          AS "db_tablespace",
    pg_catalog.shobj_description(d.oid, 'pg_database') AS "db_description"
FROM pg_catalog.pg_database   d
JOIN pg_catalog.pg_tablespace t ON d.dattablespace = t.oid
ORDER BY 1;

SELECT
    usesysid  AS "user_id",
    usename   AS "user_name",
    passwd    AS "user_password",
    usesuper  AS "is_super_user"
FROM pg_catalog.pg_user ORDER BY 1;

DO
$BODY$
DECLARE
    p_password varchar :='p@$$w0rd';
    p_connection_string varchar :='hostaddr=127.0.0.1 port=5432 dbname=postgres user=postgres password=';
BEGIN
    p_connection_string := p_connection_string || p_password;
    RAISE NOTICE 'Connection String: %', p_connection_string;
    SELECT INTO p_connection_string
        'hostaddr=' || host(inet_server_addr()) || ' port=' || inet_server_port() ||
        ' dbname='  || current_database()       || ' user=' || CURRENT_USER       || ' password=' || p_password;
    RAISE NOTICE 'Connection String: %', p_connection_string;
END
$BODY$;

cat << EOF | psql -U postgres
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS academia_ebis_staging;
CREATE DATABASE academia_ebis_staging;

CREATE USER academia WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'sadaqah!';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE academia_ebis_staging TO academia;
ALTER DATABASE academia_ebis_staging OWNER TO academia;
-- ALTER USER academia WITH SUPERUSER;
EOF

Allow Remote

apt install -y iputils-ping telnet dnsutils sudo systemctl status ufw sudo ufw status verbose	sudo ufw status numbered sudo ufw allow 5432/tcp sudo ufw enable

nano /etc/postgresql/14/main/postgresql.conf	nano /etc/postgresql/14/main/pg_hba.conf

listen_addresses = '' # what IP address(es) to listen on; # comma-separated list of addresses; # defaults to 'localhost'; use '' for all # (change requires restart) port = 5432 # (change requires restart)	# IPv4 local connections: host all all 127.0.0.1/32 scram-sha-256 host all all 0.0.0.0/0 scram-sha-256 # host all all 10.19.83.1/24 scram-sha-256 # host all all 10.20.13.1/24 scram-sha-256

Spread Sheet

=CONCAT("(LOCALTIMESTAMP, 'religion', 'chorke.org', (SELECT (COALESCE(MAX(id), 0) + 1) FROM grouped_collection), '",  SUBSTITUTE(A2 , """" ,  ""), "', '", SUBSTITUTE(A2 , """" ,  ""),  "', '{""state"": """ , SUBSTITUTE(B2 , "'" , "''")  , """, ""city"": """ , SUBSTITUTE(C2 , "'" , "''") , """}'),")

=CONCAT("[""",  SUBSTITUTE(A2 , """",  ""), """, """, SUBSTITUTE(A2, """",  ""), "",""", {""state"": """ , SUBSTITUTE(B2 , "'" , "''")  , """, ""city"": """ , SUBSTITUTE(C2 , "'" , "''") , """}", "],")

=CONCAT("[""",  SUBSTITUTE(C518 , """",  ""), """, """, SUBSTITUTE(B518, """",  ""), "",""", {}, " , A518 , ", ",  IF(ISBLANK(D518), "false", "true"), "],")

=CONCAT("[""",  SUBSTITUTE(C5 , """",  ""), """, """, SUBSTITUTE(B5, """",  ""), "",""", {""class"": """, D5 ,""", ""income"": true}, " , A5, "],")

=CONCAT("[""",  SUBSTITUTE(C27 , """",  ""), """, """, SUBSTITUTE(B27, """",  ""), "",""", {}, " , A27, "],")

=CONCAT("[""",  C27, """, """, B27, "",""", {}, " , A27, "],")

Docker PSQL

docker run -d --name postgres\
 -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=sadaqah\
 -v ./init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql\
 -p 127.0.0.1:5433:5432\
 postgres:12.14

docker exec -it postgres bash
psql -U postgres

docker stop postgres
docker rm postgres

docker exec -it postgres\
 psql -U postgres

docker ps -a
docker rm postgres -f

References

PostgreSQL users can access all databases without any grants Creating user, database and adding access on PostgreSQL ASP.NET Core MVC Identity using PostgreSQL System Catalogs `pg_class::relkind` Query a JSON Column in PostgreSQL Fluent NHibernate with PostgreSQL Create sequence if not exists SQL Create Procedure PL/PgSQL Trigger 9.3 PL/PgSQL Trigger 10	Custom Thread-safe Sequence by Hibernate Date/Time Functions and Operators Convention for Database Tables Object Identifier(OIDs) Types Date/Time Support SQL Key Words `pg_lsn` Type Pseudo-Types Domain Types Data Types	`PL/pgSQL` Create dynamic table from string `PL/pgSQL` SQL Procedural Language `PL/pgSQL` Checking if a row exists `PL/pgSQL` Syntax Constants `PL/pgSQL` DBLink Connect `PL/pgSQL` Drop Function `PL/pgSQL` DBLink

Calling Stored Procedures from Spring Data JPA Explanation of cascade `ON DELETE/UPDATE` Concatenate a string variable in PostgreSQL Insert text with single quotes in PostgreSQL Append a item into the array-type Column Example of Stored Procedure Create Sequence if not exists Find all constraints of a table Multi-Line `PL/pgSQL` String PostgreSQL Dump	PostgreSQL `jsonb_set` multiple keys update Remove a item from the array-type Column How to show Large Objects (LOB) contents? Get TEXT value of a CLOB OID in Postgresql Using OS Users to connect to PostgreSQL PostgreSQL Export Import Script Online PostgreSQL turn a json array into rows Adding Data with `INSERT` and `COPY` PostgreSQL Delete with Inner Join JSON Functions and Operators	Does JPA delete also remove large objects of Blob fields Explanation of JSONB introduced by PostgreSQL Insert a Large Object using SQL in PostgreSQL Insert or update Large Object in PostgreSQL Change a User to Superuser in PostgreSQL Gist: Base36 Conversion in PostgreSQL Combination of `LIKE` and `IN` in SQL List all sequences in a PostgreSQL Base36 Conversion in PostgreSQL Remove attribute from JSON

PostgreSQL » Effectively Store & Index JSON Data PostgreSQL » Update a table using a WITH query PostgreSQL » Return Result Set as JSON Array PostgreSQL » Update all values in JSON Array PostgreSQL » pgAdmin » Export to a CSV File PostgreSQL » Nested JSON Arrays Query PostgreSQL » Nested JSON Querying PostgreSQL » Loop over JSON Arrays PostgreSQL » Export to a CSV File PostgreSQL » WITH Queries	PostgreSQL » `WITH` clause with `INSERT` statement PostgreSQL » PSQL Short Commands and Flags Column type is JSON but expression is Varchar PostgreSQL » `RETURNING` with `ON CONFLICT` PostgreSQL 14 not Started on Ubuntu 22.04 PostgreSQL » Dockerized

Convention for Database Tables Base36 Encoding and Decoding EclipseLink MapStruct Hibernate Liquibase MyBatis Lombok Locale JPA	PostgreSQL » Aggregate multiple rows as array PostgreSQL » JSON column with H2 PostgreSQL » 12 » XML2 Functions PostgreSQL » 12 » JSON Functions PostgreSQL » 9.1 » XML Functions Java » ISO `DateTimeFormatter` PostgreSQL » XML `xmlelement` PostgreSQL » XML » Categories Base64 Jasypt	PostgreSQL » PgAdmin » OAuth 2.0 » Configure PostgreSQL » PgAdmin » OAuth 2.0 » Enabling PostgreSQL » 12 » `pgcrypto` PostgreSQL » PgBouncer MySQL

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 == Login to PSQL==
-<source lang="bash">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 export PGPASSWORD='p@55w0rd'
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 #
 # postgres=#
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ===Connection String===
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 {|
 |valign='top'|
-<source lang="bash">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 # [email protected]:~ #
 su - postgres psql
 # Last login: Tue Jan 01 12:00:00 MYT 2013 on pts/0
 # /bin/createuser: /bin/createuser: cannot execute binary file
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 |valign='top'|
-<source lang="bash">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 # [email protected]:~ #
 su postgres
 psql -p 5433
 # psql (12.9 (Ubuntu 12.9-0ubuntu0.20.04.1))
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 |valign='top'|
-<source lang="bash">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 # [email protected]:~ #
 sudo su postgres
 psql -p 5433
 # psql (12.9 (Ubuntu 12.9-0ubuntu0.20.04.1))
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 |}
@@ Line 71: / Line 71: @@
 {|
 |valign='top'|
-<source lang="bash">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 pg_lsclusters
 sudo su - postgres
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 |valign='top'|
-<source lang="bash">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 psql -p 5433
 psql -U postgres -p 5433
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 |valign='top'|
-<source lang="bash">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 GRANT ALL ON tmp_coll TO academia;
 GRANT ALL ON test_json TO academia;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
+|valign='top'|
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
+-- psql -V
+SELECT version();
+</syntaxhighlight>
 |}
@@ Line 123: / Line 129: @@
 # GRANT
 </syntaxhighlight>
+==Extensions==
+{|
+| valign="top" |
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
+ENABLE_DB_LINK=$(cat <<-DDL
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS dblink;
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS dblink SCHEMA extensions;
+SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = 'dblink';
+DDL
+)
+echo "${ENABLE_DB_LINK}" | psql -p 5432 -U ${USER}
+echo "${ENABLE_DB_LINK}" | psql -p 5432 -U ${USER} academia_data_staging
+</syntaxhighlight>
+| valign="top" |
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
+ENABLE_PG_CRYPTO=$(cat <<-DDL
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto;
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto SCHEMA extensions;
+SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = 'pgcrypto';
+DDL
+)
+echo "${ENABLE_PG_CRYPTO}" | psql -p 5432 -U ${USER}
+echo "${ENABLE_PG_CRYPTO}" | psql -p 5432 -U ${USER} academia_data_staging
+</syntaxhighlight>
+|}
 == Logout PSQL ==
-<source lang="bash">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 # postgres=#
 \q
 # -bash-4.2$
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Meta Data==
-<source lang="sql">
+{|
+|valign="top"|
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- show databases
-SELECT datname FROM pg_database;
+SELECT datname FROM pg_database;             -- \l+
 -- show sequence
-SELECT c.relname FROM pg_class c
+SELECT c.relname FROM pg_class c             -- \ds+
 WHERE c.relkind = 'S' ORDER BY c.relname;
@@ Line 145: / Line 180: @@
 -- describe tables
-SELECT table_name, column_name, data_type
+SELECT table_name, column_name, data_type    -- \d+ my_table
 FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = 'my_table';
@@ Line 151: / Line 186: @@
 SELECT table_name, column_name, data_type
 FROM information_schema.columns WHERE column_name LIKE '%slug%';
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
+|valign="top"|
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
+SELECT pg_database_size('my_database');                     -- \l+
+SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size('my_database'));     -- \l+
+SELECT
+    db.datname AS db_name,
+    pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size(db.datname)) AS db_size
+FROM pg_database db ORDER BY pg_database_size(db.datname) DESC;
+SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size('my_table'));  -- \dt+
+SELECT                                                      -- \dt+
+    table_schema, table_name,
+    pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(quote_ident(table_name))) AS table_size
+FROM information_schema.tables
+WHERE table_schema = 'public'
+ORDER BY 2 ASC;
+</syntaxhighlight>
+|}
 ==XML Query==
-<source lang="sql">
+{|
+| valign="top" |
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
+SELECT
+    xml_is_well_formed('<>')         AS "<>",                  -- false
+    xml_is_well_formed('<name >')    AS "<name >",             -- false
+    xml_is_well_formed('<name />')   AS "<name />",            -- true
+    xml_is_well_formed('academia')   AS "academia",            -- true
+    xml_is_well_formed('{academia')  AS "{academia",           -- true
+    xml_is_well_formed('{academia}') AS "{academia}";          -- true
+</syntaxhighlight>
+| valign="top" |
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
+SELECT
+    xml_is_well_formed_content('<>')         AS "<>",          -- false
+    xml_is_well_formed_content('<name >')    AS "<name >",     -- false
+    xml_is_well_formed_content('<name />')   AS "<name />",    -- true
+    xml_is_well_formed_content('academia')   AS "academia",    -- true
+    xml_is_well_formed_content('{academia')  AS "{academia",   -- true
+    xml_is_well_formed_content('{academia}') AS "{academia}";  -- true
+</syntaxhighlight>
+|-
+| valign="top" colspan="2"|
+----
+|-
+| valign="top" |
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT
-     xml_is_well_formed('<>') AS "<>",
+     xml_is_well_formed_document('<>')         AS "<>",         -- false
-     xml_is_well_formed('<name >') AS "<name >",
+     xml_is_well_formed_document('<name >')    AS "<name >",    -- false
-     xml_is_well_formed('<name />') AS "<name />";
+     xml_is_well_formed_document('<name />')   AS "<name />",   -- true
-</source>
+    xml_is_well_formed_document('academia')   AS "academia",   -- false
+    xml_is_well_formed_document('{academia')  AS "{academia",  -- false
+    xml_is_well_formed_document('{academia}') AS "{academia}"; -- false
+</syntaxhighlight>
+| valign="top" |
+|-
+| valign="top" colspan="2"|
+----
+|-
+| valign="top" |
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
+WITH xpath_node AS (
+    SELECT
+        cast(raw_xpath_node->>0 AS integer) "sn",
+        cast(raw_xpath_node->>1 AS varchar) "node"
+    FROM jsonb_array_elements('[
+        [0, ""],
+        [1, "bpmn:definitions"],
+        [2, "bpmn:process"],
+        [3, "bpmn:serviceTask"],
+        [4, "bpmn:extensionElements"],
+        [5, "camunda:connector"],
+        [6, "camunda:inputOutput"],
+        [7, "camunda:inputParameter"]
+    ]'::jsonb) AS raw_xpath_node
+)
+SELECT string_agg(node, '/') AS "path" FROM xpath_node;
+</syntaxhighlight>
+| valign="top" |
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
+WITH workflow_namespace AS (
+    SELECT
+        cast(raw_workflow_namespace->>0 AS varchar) "prefix",
+        cast(raw_workflow_namespace->>1 AS varchar) "namespace"
+    FROM jsonb_array_elements('[
+        ["bpmn",    "http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL"],
+        ["bpmndi",  "http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI"],
+        ["dc",      "http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC"],
+        ["di",      "http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI"],
+        ["modeler", "http://camunda.org/schema/modeler/1.0"],
+        ["camunda", "http://camunda.org/schema/1.0/bpmn"]
+    ]'::jsonb) AS raw_workflow_namespace
+)
+-- SELECT * FROM workflow_namespace;
+-- SELECT array[prefix, namespace] FROM workflow_namespace;
+SELECT array_agg(array[prefix, namespace]) FROM workflow_namespace;
+</syntaxhighlight>
+|-
+| valign="top" colspan="2"|
+----
+|-
+| valign="top" colspan="2"|
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
+WITH xpath_ns AS (
+    SELECT
+        cast(raw_xpath_ns->>0 AS varchar) "alias",
+        cast(raw_xpath_ns->>1 AS varchar) "namespace"
+    FROM jsonb_array_elements('[
+        ["bpmn",    "http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL"],
+        ["bpmndi",  "http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI"],
+        ["dc",      "http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC"],
+        ["di",      "http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI"],
+        ["modeler", "http://camunda.org/schema/modeler/1.0"],
+        ["camunda", "http://camunda.org/schema/1.0/bpmn"]
+    ]'::jsonb) AS raw_xpath_ns
+),
+xpath_nss AS (
+    SELECT
+        array_agg(array[ns.alias, ns.namespace])
+    FROM xpath_ns ns
+),
+stored_dataflow AS (
+    SELECT
+        id_ AS "id", rev_ AS "revision",
+        generated_ AS "is_generated", tenant_id_ AS "tenant_id",
+        type_ AS "type", create_time_ AS "created_on", root_proc_inst_id_ AS "root_proc_inst_id",
+        removal_time_ AS "deleted_on", name_ AS "name", convert_from(bytes_, 'UTF8') AS "dataflow"
+    FROM act_ge_bytearray
+),
+stored_workflow AS (
+    SELECT
+        sd.id, sd.name, sd.type, sd.revision, sd.is_generated,
+        sd.created_on,  sd.deleted_on,  sd.root_proc_inst_id,
+        CAST(sd.dataflow AS xml)  AS "workflow", sd.dataflow,
+        (SELECT * FROM xpath_nss) AS "ns"
+    FROM stored_dataflow sd
+    WHERE xml_is_well_formed_document(sd.dataflow)
+    ORDER BY sd.name ASC, sd.created_on DESC
+)
+SELECT
+    sw.name,
+    (xpath('count(/bpmn:definitions/bpmn:process)', sw.workflow, sw.ns))[1]::text::int,
+    (xpath('/bpmn:definitions/bpmn:process', sw.workflow, sw.ns))[1], dataflow
+FROM stored_workflow sw;
+</syntaxhighlight>
+|}
 ==Array Query==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT dependencies||'"Running Fiscal Year"'
 FROM scope WHERE name = 'Fiscal Year Config';
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT * FROM user
 WHERE owner_ref LIKE ANY (ARRAY[
     ',academia,chorke.org,shahed.biz,'
 ]) ORDER BY id ASC;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT * FROM user
 WHERE owner_ref LIKE ALL (ARRAY[
     ',academia,chorke.org,shahed.biz,'
 ]) ORDER BY id ASC;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==JSON Query==
-<source lang="json">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="json">
 {
      "type": "Reseller",
@@ Line 190: / Line 377: @@
      }
 }
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT extended_properties ->'commission'->'value'
 FROM seller WHERE extended_properties ->>'type' = 'Reseller';
@@ Line 207: / Line 394: @@
 SET extended_properties = jsonb_set(extended_properties, '{commission, type}', '"Bonus"')
 WHERE id = 1000 AND extended_properties ->> 'type' = 'Reseller';
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
 {|
 | valign="top" |
 '''JSON'''
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT id, name FROM json_to_record (
      '{"id":1,"name":"Academia"}'::json
 ) AS concern(id int, name text);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT * FROM json_array_elements_text('[
      {"id":1,"name":"Academia"},
@@ Line 224: / Line 411: @@
      {"id":3,"name":"Software"}
 ]'::json);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT id, name FROM json_array_elements_text('[
      {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"},
@@ Line 234: / Line 421: @@
 json_to_record(concerns_text::json)
 AS concerns_json(id int, name text);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT id, name FROM json_array_elements('[
      {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"},
@@ Line 244: / Line 431: @@
 json_to_record(concerns_array)
 AS concerns_rows(id int, name text);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT id, name FROM json_to_recordset('{"data": [
      {"concerns": {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"}},
@@ Line 253: / Line 440: @@
 ]}'::json -> 'data') as r(concerns json),
 json_to_record(concerns) AS concern(id int, name text);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 | valign="top" |
 '''JSONB'''
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT id, name FROM jsonb_to_record (
      '{"id":1,"name":"Academia"}'::jsonb
 ) AS concern(id int, name text);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT * FROM jsonb_array_elements_text('[
      {"id":1,"name":"Academia"},
@@ Line 269: / Line 456: @@
      {"id":3,"name":"Software"}
 ]'::jsonb);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT id, name FROM jsonb_array_elements_text('[
      {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"},
@@ Line 279: / Line 466: @@
 jsonb_to_record(concerns_text::jsonb)
 AS concerns_json(id int, name text);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT id, name FROM jsonb_array_elements('[
      {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"},
@@ Line 289: / Line 476: @@
 jsonb_to_record(concerns_array)
 AS concerns_rows(id int, name text);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT id, name FROM jsonb_to_recordset('{"data": [
      {"concerns": {"id": 1, "name": "Academia"}},
@@ Line 298: / Line 485: @@
 ]}'::jsonb -> 'data') as r(concerns jsonb),
 jsonb_to_record(concerns) AS concern(id int, name text);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 | valign="top" |
@@ Line 337: / Line 524: @@
 ----
 ===Insert===
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- query » group : religion
 -- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ Line 384: / Line 571: @@
 -- )
 -- ORDER BY (ngc.order_coll, ngc.id) ASC;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Delete Join==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- USING is not an ANSI standard not supported by others RDMBS
 -- it's better to use sub query rather than USING for join
@@ Line 393: / Line 580: @@
 WHERE p.category_id = c.id AND
 c.name = 'Grocery';
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Sequence==
-<source lang="sql>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql>
 CREATE SEQUENCE IF NOT EXISTS public.policy_1000
      INCREMENT 1
@@ Line 411: / Line 598: @@
 ALTER  SEQUENCE IF EXISTS policy_1000 RESTART 1;
 SELECT NEXTVAL('policy_1000')::int AS policy_id;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
-<source lang="sql>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql>
 GRANT USAGE, SELECT ON ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA public TO chorke_init_pro;
 ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA public GRANT USAGE, SELECT ON SEQUENCES TO chorke_init_pro;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Echo/Print==
-<source lang="sql>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql>
 DO $BODY$
 DECLARE
@@ Line 429: / Line 616: @@
 END;
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Execute DDL==
 ===Insert Using Loop===
-<source lang="sql>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql>
 DO $BODY$
 DECLARE
@@ Line 440: / Line 627: @@
      p_group_name varchar:= 'occupation_class';
 BEGIN
-	SELECT INTO p_id (COALESCE(MAX(id), 0)) FROM grouped_collection;
+  SELECT INTO p_id (COALESCE(MAX(id), 0)) FROM grouped_collection;
      FOR p_code IN 1..5 LOOP
          INSERT INTO grouped_collection (id, created_on, domain, code, name, group_name, extended_properties)
@@ Line 447: / Line 634: @@
 END;
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ===Anonymous Blocks===
-<source lang="sql>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql>
 DO
 $BODY$
@@ Line 467: / Line 654: @@
          con.conname LIKE 'uk_%';
-	IF fiscal_year_ukc IS NOT NULL THEN
+  IF fiscal_year_ukc IS NOT NULL THEN
-		fiscal_drop_ukc := fiscal_drop_ukc || ' '
+    fiscal_drop_ukc := fiscal_drop_ukc || ' '
-		'DROP CONSTRAINT ' || fiscal_year_ukc;
+    'DROP CONSTRAINT ' || fiscal_year_ukc;
-    	EXECUTE fiscal_drop_ukc;
+      EXECUTE fiscal_drop_ukc;
-	END IF;
+  END IF;
 END
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ===Create Sequence===
-<source lang="sql>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql>
 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_get_policy_no(IN agent_no character varying)
      RETURNS  integer
@@ Line 503: / Line 690: @@
 SELECT fn_get_policy_no('0001');
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ===Create Sequence with Comment===
-<source lang="sql>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql>
 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_get_policy_no(IN agent_no character varying, IN agent_desc character varying)
      RETURNS  integer
@@ Line 526: / Line 713: @@
      EXECUTE create_sequence;
-	EXECUTE comment_sequence;
+  EXECUTE comment_sequence;
      SELECT INTO policy_no NEXTVAL(sequence_name)::int;
      RETURN policy_no;
@@ Line 535: / Line 722: @@
 -- @Query(value="SELECT fn_get_policy_no(:agent_no, :agent_desc)", nativeQuery = true)
 -- Integer getPolicyNo(@Param("agent_no") String agentNo, @Param("agent_desc") String agentDesc);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ===Create From Table Exclude Column===
-<source lang="sql>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql>
 DO
 $BODY$
@@ Line 550: / Line 737: @@
 END
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Date & Time==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT * FROM policy
 WHERE DATE_TRUNC('day', created_on) = TO_DATE('2021-12-31', 'yyyy-mm-dd');
@@ Line 559: / Line 746: @@
 UPDATE policy SET deleted_on = LOCALTIMESTAMP
 WHERE DATE_TRUNC('day', created_on) = TO_DATE('2021-12-31', 'yyyy-mm-dd');
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT EXTRACT(CENTURY FROM TIMESTAMP '2013-10-10 10:10:10');
 SELECT DATE_TRUNC('year', TIMESTAMP '2013-10-10 10:10:10');
@@ Line 580: / Line 767: @@
 SELECT CURRENT_TIME;
 SELECT CURRENT_DATE;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==String Format==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT STRING_TO_ARRAY('/my/request/path', '/') "string_array";
 SELECT ARRAY_TO_JSON(STRING_TO_ARRAY('/my/request/path', '/')) "json_array";
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Number Format==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT NULLIF(regexp_replace('CKI00109'     , '\D','','g'), '')::numeric;
 SELECT NULLIF(regexp_replace('CKI0010#9####', '\D','','g'), '')::numeric;
 SELECT NULLIF(regexp_replace('CKI2203000075', '\D','','g'), '')::numeric;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Restoring the Dump==
@@ Line 600: / Line 787: @@
   pg_dump academia| gzip > academia_2020021.sql.gz
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pid)
 FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE datname IN
@@ Line 608: / Line 795: @@
 DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS academia;
 CREATE DATABASE academia;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
   '''restore dumps'''
@@ Line 620: / Line 807: @@
 ==OS User Auth==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 CREATE DATABASE academia;
 CREATE USER academia WITH LOGIN;
 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE academia TO academia;
 -- CREATE USER academia WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'sadaqah!';
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="bash">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 echo "os-map          academia                academia" >> $PG_DATA/pg_ident.conf
 echo "host    all     all     127.0.0.1/32    ident map=os-map" >> $PG_DATA/pg_hba.conf
 pg_ctl --pgdata="$PG_DATA" reload;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==DBLink POC==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 CREATE EXTENSION dblink;
 CREATE EXTENSION dblink SCHEMA extensions;
@@ Line 640: / Line 827: @@
 SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions;
 SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = 'dblink';
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- using pgsql block
 DO
@@ Line 663: / Line 850: @@
 END
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- using pgsql query
 WITH user_info AS (
@@ Line 687: / Line 874: @@
      (SELECT db_exec_query  FROM conn_info)
 ) AS extensions(name varchar)
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==DBLink Exec==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 DO
 $BODY$
@@ Line 699: / Line 886: @@
 END
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 DO
 $BODY$
@@ Line 729: / Line 916: @@
 END
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Recursive Query==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 WITH RECURSIVE hierarchy AS (
      SELECT
@@ Line 753: / Line 940: @@
 )
 SELECT * FROM hierarchy;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Encode/Decode==
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT decode('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'escape');            -- text to binary
 SELECT encode('Chorke Academia, Inc.'::bytea, 'escape');     -- binary to text
@@ Line 765: / Line 952: @@
 SELECT encode('Chorke Academia, Inc.'::bytea, 'base64');                       -- text to base64
 SELECT convert_from(decode('Q2hvcmtlIEFjYWRlbWlhLCBJbmMu', 'base64'), 'UTF8'); -- base64 to text
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
 '''Base36 Encode'''
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_base36_encode(IN base10 bigint)
      RETURNS  varchar
@@ Line 788: / Line 975: @@
 END
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
 '''Base36 Decode'''
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_base36_decode(IN base36 varchar)
      RETURNS  bigint
@@ Line 818: / Line 1,005: @@
 END
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Large Object==
   \dfS lo_*
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- lo_open(lobjId oid, mode integer) returns integer
 -- The mode parameter to lo_open uses two constants:
@@ Line 834: / Line 1,021: @@
 SELECT  x'60000'::int;          -- SELECT cast(x'60000' AS integer);          -- 393216
 SELECT (x'20000'|x'40000')::int -- SELECT cast(x'20000'|x'40000' AS integer); -- 393216
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- example: a
 SELECT lo_get(photo::oid), lo_get(resume::oid) FROM employee;                        -- select large object as binary data
 SELECT lo_from_bytea(0, 'Chorke Academia, Inc.'::bytea) FROM employee;               -- create large object from ascii text
 SELECT lo_from_bytea(0, convert_to('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'UTF8')) FROM employee;  -- create large object from utf-8 text
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- example: b
 SELECT resume FROM profile;                                   -- oid
@@ Line 849: / Line 1,036: @@
 SELECT encode(lo_get(resume::oid), 'escape') FROM profile;    -- binary to text
 SELECT encode(lo_get(resume::oid), 'base64') FROM profile;    -- binary to base64
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- example: c
 SELECT convert_from(lo_get(resume::oid), 'UTF8') FROM profile;
@@ Line 858: / Line 1,045: @@
 SELECT lowrite(lo_open(lo_creat(-1), x'60000'::int), convert_to('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'UTF8')) FROM profile; -- create large object
 SELECT lowrite(lo_open(resume::oid,  x'60000'::int), convert_to('Chorke Academia, Inc.', 'UTF8')) FROM profile; -- update large object
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
 ===Insert===
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- right way to insert in insert
 INSERT INTO employee(id, resume, name) VALUES(
@@ Line 868: / Line 1,055: @@
      'Chorke Academia, Inc.'
 );
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ===Select===
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- right way to select in select
 SELECT
@@ Line 880: / Line 1,067: @@
      convert_from(lo_get(resume::oid), 'UTF8') AS resume_text
 FROM employee;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ===Update===
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- right way to create in update
 -- wrong way to update in update
@@ Line 898: / Line 1,085: @@
 -- we need to delete manually and which one might be disaster
 -- SELECT lo_unlink(orphan_lo::oid);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- right way to update in update
 -- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
@@ Line 925: / Line 1,112: @@
 -- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
 -- SELECT * FROM employee
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ===Delete===
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- wrong way to unlink in delete
 -- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
@@ Line 939: / Line 1,126: @@
 -- manually and which one might be disaster
 -- SELECT lo_unlink(orphan_lo::oid);
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- right way to unlink in delete
 -- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
@@ Line 963: / Line 1,150: @@
 -- SELECT oid FROM pg_largeobject_metadata;
 -- SELECT * FROM employee;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ===Alter===
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 ALTER TABLE employee
 --  ALTER COLUMN photo TYPE bytea USING lo_get(photo::oid);
      ALTER COLUMN photo TYPE text  USING encode(lo_get(photo::oid), 'base64');
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Bastion Dump==
-<source lang='bash' highlight='6,8,12' line>
+<syntaxhighlight lang='bash' highlight='6,8,12' line>
 BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_FRMT=$(cat <<'EOF'
 # suppress stdout
@@ Line 993: / Line 1,180: @@
 EOF
 )
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
-<source lang='bash' start='21' highlight='5' line>
+<syntaxhighlight lang='bash' start='21' highlight='5' line>
 BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_PASS='sadaqah!'
 BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_PGDB='academia_keycloak_staging'
@@ Line 1,001: / Line 1,188: @@
 printf -v  BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP '%s.sql' "${BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_PGDB}"
 bash -c "${BASH_REMOTE_SCRIPT_EXEC}" >       ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ----
-<source lang='bash' start='27' highlight='1-3' line>
+<syntaxhighlight lang='bash' start='27' highlight='1-3' line>
 sed '/^\/\* \$STDOUT\$$/,/^\$STDOUT\$ \*\/$/{/^\/\* \$STDOUT\$$/!{/^\$STDOUT\$ \*\/$/!d}}' -i ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}
 sed -z 's|\n/\* $STDOUT$\n$STDOUT$ \*/||g' -i ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}
 sed -z 's|/\* $STDOUT$\n$STDOUT$ \*/\n||g' -i ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}
 gzip ${BASH_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DUMP}
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Export CSV==
-<source lang='bash'>
+<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
 psql -U academia academia_audit_staging
 \COPY (SELECT * FROM audit_log WHERE action_type = 'Sync Collection' AND DATE_TRUNC('day', logged_on) = '20241010')\
   To '~/.config/audit_log_20241010_1010_MYT.csv' With CSV DELIMITER ',' HEADER;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 == Knowledge ==
@@ Line 1,027: / Line 1,214: @@
   sed -i -e 's|^-- ||g' src/main/resources/db/migration/*.sql
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- psql
 CREATE DATABASE chorke_init_pro;
@@ Line 1,033: / Line 1,220: @@
 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE chorke_init_pro TO chorke_init_pro;
 -- \q
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 -- revoke public connect from specific database after creation
 REVOKE CONNECT ON DATABASE academia_ebis_dev FROM PUBLIC;
 -- revoke public connect for all future databases
 REVOKE CONNECT ON DATABASE template1 FROM PUBLIC;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT
      con.conname,
@@ Line 1,054: / Line 1,241: @@
      rel.relname = 'fiscal_year' AND
      con.conname LIKE 'uk_%';
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT
      n.nspname AS "schema",
@@ Line 1,080: / Line 1,267: @@
      AND pg_catalog.pg_table_is_visible(c.oid)
 ORDER BY 1,2;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT d.datname                                       AS "db_name",
      pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(d.datdba)               AS "db_owner",
@@ Line 1,099: / Line 1,286: @@
 JOIN pg_catalog.pg_tablespace t ON d.dattablespace = t.oid
 ORDER BY 1;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 SELECT
      usesysid  AS "user_id",
@@ Line 1,108: / Line 1,295: @@
      usesuper  AS "is_super_user"
 FROM pg_catalog.pg_user ORDER BY 1;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 DO
 $BODY$
@@ Line 1,125: / Line 1,312: @@
 END
 $BODY$;
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
-<source lang="sql">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
 cat << EOF | psql -U postgres
 DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS academia_ebis_staging;
@@ Line 1,134: / Line 1,321: @@
 CREATE USER academia WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'sadaqah!';
 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE academia_ebis_staging TO academia;
-ALTER USER academia WITH SUPERUSER;
+ALTER DATABASE academia_ebis_staging OWNER TO academia;
+-- ALTER USER academia WITH SUPERUSER;
 EOF
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Allow Remote==
@@ Line 1,165: / Line 1,353: @@
 |-
 | valign="bottom" |
-<source lang="ini" start="60" line>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="ini" start="60" line>
 listen_addresses = '*'                  # what IP address(es) to listen on;
                                          # comma-separated list of addresses;
@@ Line 1,171: / Line 1,359: @@
                                          # (change requires restart)
 port = 5432                             # (change requires restart)
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 | valign="top" |
-<source lang="ini" start="96" line>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="ini" start="96" line>
 # IPv4 local connections:
 host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            scram-sha-256
@@ Line 1,180: / Line 1,368: @@
 # host  all             all             10.19.83.1/24           scram-sha-256
 # host  all             all             10.20.13.1/24           scram-sha-256
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 |}
 ==Spread Sheet==
-<source lang="python">
+<syntaxhighlight lang="python">
 =CONCAT("(LOCALTIMESTAMP, 'religion', 'chorke.org', (SELECT (COALESCE(MAX(id), 0) + 1) FROM grouped_collection), '",  SUBSTITUTE(A2 , """" ,  ""), "', '", SUBSTITUTE(A2 , """" ,  ""),  "', '{""state"": """ , SUBSTITUTE(B2 , "'" , "''")  , """, ""city"": """ , SUBSTITUTE(C2 , "'" , "''") , """}'),")
@@ Line 1,196: / Line 1,384: @@
 =CONCAT("[""",  C27, """, """, B27, "",""", {}, " , A27, "],")
-</source>
+</syntaxhighlight>
 ==Docker PSQL==
@@ Line 1,315: / Line 1,503: @@
 | valign="top" |
 * [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50364904/ PostgreSQL » <code>WITH</code> clause with <code>INSERT</code> statement]
+* [https://hasura.io/blog/top-psql-commands-and-flags-you-need-to-know-postgresql PostgreSQL » PSQL Short Commands and Flags]
 * [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65478350/ Column type is JSON but expression is Varchar]
 * [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34708509/ PostgreSQL » <code>RETURNING</code> with <code>ON CONFLICT</code>]
 * [https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/316681/ PostgreSQL 14 not Started on Ubuntu 22.04]
+* [[Dockerized PostgreSQL|PostgreSQL » Dockerized]]
 | valign="top" |
@@ Line 1,338: / Line 1,528: @@
 | valign="top" |
+* [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/533256/ PostgreSQL » Aggregate multiple rows as array]
 * [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39620317 PostgreSQL » JSON column with H2]
+* [https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/xml2.html PostgreSQL » 12 » XML2 Functions]
+* [https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/functions-json.html PostgreSQL » 12 » JSON Functions]
+* [https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/functions-xml.html PostgreSQL » 9.1 » XML Functions]
 * [https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/time/format/DateTimeFormatter.html Java » ISO <code>DateTimeFormatter</code>]
-* [https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/functions-xml.html PostgreSQL » XML Functions]
+* [https://pgpedia.info/x/xmlelement.html PostgreSQL » XML <code>xmlelement</code>]
+* [https://pgpedia.info/categories/xml.html PostgreSQL » XML » Categories]
 * [[Base64]]
 * [[Jasypt]]
 | valign="top" |
+* [https://www.enterprisedb.com/blog/how-configure-oauth-20-pgadmin-4 PostgreSQL » PgAdmin » OAuth 2.0 » Configure]
+* [https://www.pgadmin.org/docs/pgadmin4/6.21/oauth2.html PostgreSQL » PgAdmin » OAuth 2.0 » Enabling]
+* [https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/pgcrypto.html PostgreSQL » 12 » <code>pgcrypto</code>]
+* [[PostgreSQL/PgBouncer|PostgreSQL » PgBouncer]]
+* [[MySQL]]
 |}

PostgreSQL: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 02:41, 30 September 2024

Login to PSQL

Connection String

Login Error

Cluster Login

Creating User

Creating DB

Grant Privileges

Extensions

Logout PSQL

Meta Data

XML Query

Array Query

JSON Query

Insert

Delete Join

Sequence

Echo/Print

Execute DDL

Insert Using Loop

Anonymous Blocks

Create Sequence

Create Sequence with Comment

Create From Table Exclude Column

Date & Time

String Format

Number Format

Restoring the Dump

OS User Auth

DBLink POC

DBLink Exec

Recursive Query

Encode/Decode

Large Object

Insert

Select

Update

Delete

Alter

Bastion Dump

Export CSV

Knowledge

Allow Remote

Spread Sheet

Docker PSQL

References

Navigation menu

Search